Türkiye’de Riskli Doğurganlık Davranışı Gösteren Kadınların Gebelikten Korunma Yöntemi Kullanım Eğilimleri: 2003–2018 Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması Verilerinin Analizi

Ayşe Rumeysa Doğruyol

doi:10.5281/zenodo.15539023

Özgün Makale

Sayı 14 (2025)

Türkiye’de Riskli Doğurganlık Davranışı Gösteren Kadınların Gebelikten Korunma Yöntemi Kullanım Eğilimleri: 2003–2018 Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması Verilerinin Analizi

Ayşe Rumeysa Doğruyol^▸^▾

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Gönderildi: May 11, 2025
Yayınlanmış: 2025-05-28

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de 2003-2018 yılları arasında, doğurganlık açısından en az bir risk faktörüne sahip olan kadınların (18 yaş altı, 35 yaş ve üzeri, 24 aydan kısa doğum aralığına sahip veya toplam doğum sayısı >3) gebelikten korunma yöntemi kullanım prevalansındaki eğilimi belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırmaları (TNSA) 2003, 2008, 2013 ve 2018 verilerinin ikincil analizine dayanan kesitsel çalışmada, modern ve geleneksel yöntemlerin kullanım oranları ve bu oranlardaki zamansal değişimler değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular 2003–2018 yılları arasında modern yöntem kullanımında artış gözlenmekle birlikte riskli gruplardaki kadınların önemli bir bölümünün hâlen herhangi bir yöntem kullanmadığını ortaya koymaktadır. En sık kullanılan modern yöntemler arasında rahim içi araç (RİA) ve erkek kondomu öne çıkarken, geleneksel yöntemlerde geri çekme yöntemi başta gelmektedir. Sonuçlar aile planlaması hizmetlerinin bu özel gruba yönelik olarak daha etkili, ulaşılabilir ve sürekli hale getirilmesi gerekliliğini vurgulamaktadır.

Referanslar

Adolescent pregnancy. (n.d.). Retrieved September 18, 2023, from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-pregnancy
Ahmed, S., Li, Q., Liu, L., & Tsui, A. O. (2012). Maternal deaths averted by contraceptive use: an analysis of 172 countries. Lancet (London, England), 380(9837), 111–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60478-4
Ba, D. M., Ssentongo, P., Agbese, E., & Kjerulff, K. H. (2019). Prevalence and predictors of contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in 17 sub-Saharan African countries: A large population-based study. Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare, 21, 26–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SRHC.2019.06.002
Bai, J., Wong, F. W. S., Bauman, A., & Mohsin, M. (2002). Parity and pregnancy outcomes. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 186(2), 274–278. https://doi.org/10.1067/mob.2002.119639
Campbell, O. M., & Graham, W. J. (2006). Strategies for reducing maternal mortality: getting on with what works. Lancet (London, England), 368(9543), 1284–1299. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69381-1
Çavlin, A., & Çağatay, P. (2020). Türkiye’de Karşılanmamış Aile Planlaması İhtiyacı. https://turkiye.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/ap-unmetneed-tr_3.pdf
Chandra-Mouli, V., Camacho, A. V., & Michaud, P. A. (2013). WHO guidelines on preventing early pregnancy and poor reproductive outcomes among adolescents in developing countries. Journal of Adolescent Health, 52(5), 517–522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.03.002
Cleland, J., Conde-Agudelo, A., Peterson, H., Ross, J., & Tsui, A. (2012). Contraception and health. Lancet (London, England), 380(9837), 149–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60609-6
Conde-Agudelo, A., Rosas-Bermúdez, A., & Kafury-Goeta, A. C. (2006). Birth spacing and risk of adverse perinatal outcomes: a meta-analysis. JAMA, 295(15), 1809–1823. https://doi.org/10.1001/JAMA.295.15.1809
Contraception. (n.d.). Retrieved September 18, 2023, from https://www.who.int/health-topics/contraception#tab=tab_2
Family planning/contraception methods. (n.d.). Retrieved September 21, 2023, from https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/family-planning-contraception
Kirby, D. (2007). Emerging Answers 2007: Research Findings on Programs to Reduce Teen Pregnancy and Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Full Report.
Lisonkova, S., Janssen, P. A., Sheps, S. B., Lee, S. K., & Dahlgren, L. (2010). The effect of maternal age on adverse birth outcomes: does parity matter? Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d’obstetrique et Gynecologie Du Canada : JOGC, 32(6), 541–548. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1701-2163(16)34522-4
Lisonkova, S., Potts, J., Muraca, G. M., Razaz, N., Sabr, Y., Chan, W. S., & Kramer, M. S. (2017). Maternal age and severe maternal morbidity: A population-based retrospective cohort study. PLoS Medicine, 14(5). https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PMED.1002307
Prata, N., Passano, P., Sreenivas, A., & Gerdts, C. E. (2010). Maternal mortality in developing countries: challenges in scaling-up priority interventions. Women’s Health (London, England), 6(2), 311–327. https://doi.org/10.2217/WHE.10.8
Rawaf, S., Allen, L., Dubois, E., Majeed, A., Myrup, A. C., Raheem, M., Rawaf, D., & Razavi, A. (2018). Primary health care: closing the gap between public health and primary care through integration. https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/326458/WHO-HIS-SDS-2018.49-eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Rutstein, S. O. (2005). Effects of preceding birth intervals on neonatal, infant and under-five years mortality and nutritional status in developing countries: evidence from the demographic and health surveys. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: The Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 89 Suppl 1(SUPPL. 1). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJGO.2004.11.012
Rutstein, S., & Winter, R. (2015). Contraception needed to avoid high-fertility-risk births, and maternal and child deaths that would be averted. https://paa.confex.com/paa/2016/mediafile/ExtendedAbstract/Paper5972/Rutstein_Winter_PAA_2016_Extended_Abstract_hrb.pdf
Theodore H., Tulchinsky MD, M. E. A., Varavikova MD, M. P. M. J., & Cohen MD, M. P. (2023). Family health and primary prevention. In The New Public Health (4th ed., pp. 467–549). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-822957-6.00007-7
Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, Doğum İstatistikleri, 2018. (2019, May 17). https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Dogum-Istatistikleri-2018-30696#:~:text=Canlı%20doğan%20bebek%20sayısı%201,milyon%20248%20bin%20847%20oldu.
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, P. D. (2022). World Family Planning 2022 Meeting the changing needs for family planning: Contraceptive use by age and method. https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/sites/www.un.org.development.desa.pd/files/files/documents/2023/Feb/undesa_pd_2022_world-family-planning.pdf
WHO. (n.d.). WHO Data : Türkiye. Retrieved January 14, 2025, from https://data.who.int/countries/792

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aile planlaması
yüksek riskli doğurganlık davranışı
TNSA

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Nasıl Atıf Yapılır

1.

Türkiye’de Riskli Doğurganlık Davranışı Gösteren Kadınların Gebelikten Korunma Yöntemi Kullanım Eğilimleri: 2003–2018 Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması Verilerinin Analizi. SoSa [Internet]. 2025 May 28 [cited 2025 Jun. 8];(14):44-52. Available from: https://sosabulten.com/index.php/sosa/article/view/165

[1] Adolescent pregnancy. (n.d.). Retrieved September 18, 2023, from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-pregnancy

[2] Ahmed, S., Li, Q., Liu, L., & Tsui, A. O. (2012). Maternal deaths averted by contraceptive use: an analysis of 172 countries. Lancet (London, England), 380(9837), 111–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60478-4

[3] Ba, D. M., Ssentongo, P., Agbese, E., & Kjerulff, K. H. (2019). Prevalence and predictors of contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in 17 sub-Saharan African countries: A large population-based study. Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare, 21, 26–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SRHC.2019.06.002

[4] Bai, J., Wong, F. W. S., Bauman, A., & Mohsin, M. (2002). Parity and pregnancy outcomes. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 186(2), 274–278. https://doi.org/10.1067/mob.2002.119639

[5] Campbell, O. M., & Graham, W. J. (2006). Strategies for reducing maternal mortality: getting on with what works. Lancet (London, England), 368(9543), 1284–1299. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69381-1

[6] Çavlin, A., & Çağatay, P. (2020). Türkiye’de Karşılanmamış Aile Planlaması İhtiyacı. https://turkiye.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/ap-unmetneed-tr_3.pdf

[7] Chandra-Mouli, V., Camacho, A. V., & Michaud, P. A. (2013). WHO guidelines on preventing early pregnancy and poor reproductive outcomes among adolescents in developing countries. Journal of Adolescent Health, 52(5), 517–522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.03.002

[8] Cleland, J., Conde-Agudelo, A., Peterson, H., Ross, J., & Tsui, A. (2012). Contraception and health. Lancet (London, England), 380(9837), 149–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60609-6

[9] Conde-Agudelo, A., Rosas-Bermúdez, A., & Kafury-Goeta, A. C. (2006). Birth spacing and risk of adverse perinatal outcomes: a meta-analysis. JAMA, 295(15), 1809–1823. https://doi.org/10.1001/JAMA.295.15.1809

[10] Contraception. (n.d.). Retrieved September 18, 2023, from https://www.who.int/health-topics/contraception#tab=tab_2

[11] Family planning/contraception methods. (n.d.). Retrieved September 21, 2023, from https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/family-planning-contraception

[12] Kirby, D. (2007). Emerging Answers 2007: Research Findings on Programs to Reduce Teen Pregnancy and Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Full Report.

[13] Lisonkova, S., Janssen, P. A., Sheps, S. B., Lee, S. K., & Dahlgren, L. (2010). The effect of maternal age on adverse birth outcomes: does parity matter? Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d’obstetrique et Gynecologie Du Canada : JOGC, 32(6), 541–548. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1701-2163(16)34522-4

[14] Lisonkova, S., Potts, J., Muraca, G. M., Razaz, N., Sabr, Y., Chan, W. S., & Kramer, M. S. (2017). Maternal age and severe maternal morbidity: A population-based retrospective cohort study. PLoS Medicine, 14(5). https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PMED.1002307

[15] Prata, N., Passano, P., Sreenivas, A., & Gerdts, C. E. (2010). Maternal mortality in developing countries: challenges in scaling-up priority interventions. Women’s Health (London, England), 6(2), 311–327. https://doi.org/10.2217/WHE.10.8

[16] Rawaf, S., Allen, L., Dubois, E., Majeed, A., Myrup, A. C., Raheem, M., Rawaf, D., & Razavi, A. (2018). Primary health care: closing the gap between public health and primary care through integration. https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/326458/WHO-HIS-SDS-2018.49-eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

[17] Rutstein, S. O. (2005). Effects of preceding birth intervals on neonatal, infant and under-five years mortality and nutritional status in developing countries: evidence from the demographic and health surveys. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: The Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 89 Suppl 1(SUPPL. 1). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJGO.2004.11.012

[18] Rutstein, S., & Winter, R. (2015). Contraception needed to avoid high-fertility-risk births, and maternal and child deaths that would be averted. https://paa.confex.com/paa/2016/mediafile/ExtendedAbstract/Paper5972/Rutstein_Winter_PAA_2016_Extended_Abstract_hrb.pdf

[19] Theodore H., Tulchinsky MD, M. E. A., Varavikova MD, M. P. M. J., & Cohen MD, M. P. (2023). Family health and primary prevention. In The New Public Health (4th ed., pp. 467–549). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-822957-6.00007-7

[20] Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, Doğum İstatistikleri, 2018. (2019, May 17). https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Dogum-Istatistikleri-2018-30696#:~:text=Canlı%20doğan%20bebek%20sayısı%201,milyon%20248%20bin%20847%20oldu.

[21] United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, P. D. (2022). World Family Planning 2022 Meeting the changing needs for family planning: Contraceptive use by age and method. https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/sites/www.un.org.development.desa.pd/files/files/documents/2023/Feb/undesa_pd_2022_world-family-planning.pdf

[22] WHO. (n.d.). WHO Data : Türkiye. Retrieved January 14, 2025, from https://data.who.int/countries/792